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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforFrostHeaveandThawWeakeningSusceptibilityofSoils
【原文标准名称】:土壤对冻胀和解冻变弱敏感性的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5918-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.19
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:土壤组分;耐霜冻性;试验;融解
【英文主题词】:freeze-thawtest;frostsusceptibility;roadsandrunways;soilandaggregate;thawweakeningsusceptibility
【摘要】:Thesetestmethodscanbeusedtodeterminetherelativefrost-susceptibilityofsoilsusedinpavementsystems.Boththefrostheavesusceptibilityandthethawweakeningsusceptibilitycanbedetermined.Thesetestmethodsshouldbeusedonlyforseasonalfrostconditionsandnotforpermanentorlong-termfreezingofsoil.Thesetestmethodsalsohavenotbeenvalidatedforanythingotherthanpavementsystems.Thesetestmethodscannotbeusedtopredicttheamountoffrostheaveorthawweakeninginthefield.Itspurposeistodeterminetherelativefrost-susceptibilityclassificationforuseinempiricalpavementdesignmethodsforseasonalfrostregions.1.1Theselaboratorytestmethodscoverthefrostheaveandthawweakeningsusceptibilitiesofsoilthatistestedinthelaboratorybycomparingtheheaverateandthawedbearingratiowithvaluesinanestablishedclassificationsystem.Thistestwasdevelopedtoclassifythefrostsusceptibilityofsoilsusedinpavements.Itshouldbeusedforsoilswherefrost-susceptibilityconsiderations,basedonparticlesizesuchasthelimitof3%finerthan20mminSpecificationD2940,areuncertain.Thisismostimportantforfrost-susceptibilitycriteriasuchasthoseusedbytheCorpsofEngineers,thatrequireafreezingtestforaggregatesofinconclusivefrostclassification.Thefrostheavesusceptibilityisdeterminedfromtheheaverateduringfreezing.Thethawweakeningsusceptibilityisdeterminedwiththebearingratiotest(seeTestMethodD1883).1.2Thisisanindextestforestimatingtherelativedegreeoffrost-susceptibilityofsoilsusedinpavementsystems.Itcannotbeusedtopredicttheamountoffrostheavenorthestrengthafterthawing,norcanitbeusedforapplicationsinvolvinglong-termfreezingofpermafrostorforfoundationsofrefrigeratedstructures.1.3Thetestmethodsdescribedareforonespecimenandusesmanualtemperaturecontrol.Itissuggestedthatfourspecimensbetestedsimultaneouslyandthatthetemperaturecontrolanddatatakingbeautomatedusingacomputer.1.4AllrecordedandcalculatedvaluesshallconformtotheguideforsignificantdigitsandroundingestablishedinPracticeD6026.1.4.1Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/recordedandcalculatedinthisstandardareregardedastheindustrystandard.Inaddition,theyarerepresentativeofthesignificantdigitsthatshouldgenerallyberetained.Theproceduresuseddonotconsidermaterialvariation,purposeforobtainingthedata,specialpurposestudies,oranyconsiderationsfortheusersobjectives;anditiscommonpracticetoincreaseorreducesignificantdigitsofreporteddatatobecommensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescopeofthisstandardtoconsidersignificantdigitsusedinanalysismethodsforengineeringdesign.1.4.2Measurementsmadetomoresignificantdigitsorbettersensitivitythanspecifiedinthisstandardshallnotberegardedanonconformancewiththisstandard.1.5ThisStandardiswrittenusingSIunits.Inch-poundunitsareprovidedforconvenience.Thevaluesstatedininchpoundunitsmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefore,theyshallbeusedindependentlyoftheSIsystem.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformancewiththisstandard.1.5.1Thegravitationalsystemofinch-poundunitsisusedwhendealingwithinch-poundunits.Inthissystem,thepound(lbf)representsaunitofforce(weight),whiletheunitformassisslugs.Therationalizedslugunitisnotgiven,unlessdynamic(F=ma)calculationsareinvolved.1.5.2Itiscommonpracticeintheengineering/constructionprofessiontoconcurrentlyusepoundstorepresentbothaunitofmass(lbm)andofforce(lbf).Thisimplicitlycombinestwoseparatesystemsofunits;thatis,the......
【中国标准分类号】:B11
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_01
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Maritimenavigationandradiocommunicationequipmentandsystems-Automaticidentificationsystems(AIS)-Part1:AISbasestations-Minimumoperationalandperformancerequirements,methodsoftestingandrequiredtestresults
【原文标准名称】:船舶导航和无线电通信设备和系统.自动识别系统(AIS).自动识别系统基站.测试最低限度运作、性能要求和方法及要求的试验结果
【标准号】:BSEN62320-1-2007+A1-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2007-04-30
【实施或试行日期】:2007-04-30
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:数字的;数字工程;电气工程;英语;环境试验;频率范围;识别;识别系统;船舶导航;船舶用无线电通信;海上运输;测量不确定度;测量结果;测量技术;操作方式;造船工程;导航仪器;导航辅助设备;性能要求;雷达;无线电呼号;无线电信道;无线电设备;无线电系统;无线电通信;无线电定位;无线电导航;接收机;选择呼叫;船舶;规范(验收);试验结果;试验;试验条件;发射机;甚高频
【英文主题词】:Digital;Digitalengineering;Electricalengineering;Englishlanguage;Environmentaltesting;Frequencyranges;Identification;Identificationssystems;Marinenavigation;Marineradio;Marinetransport;Measuringincertainity;Measuringresults;Measuringtechniques;Modeofoperation;Navalengineering;Navigationinstruments;Navigationalaids;Performancerequirements;Radar;Radiocalls;Radiochannels;Radioequipment;Radiosystems;Radiocommunication;Radiolocation;Radionavigation;Receivers;Selectivecalling;Ships;Specification(approval);Testresults;Testing;Testingconditions;Transmitters;VHF
【摘要】:ThispartofIEC62320specifiestheminimumoperationalandperformancerequirements,methodsoftestingandrequiredtestresultsforAISBaseStations,compatiblewiththeperformancestandardsadoptedbyIMORes.MSC.74(69),Annex3,UniversalAIS.Itincorporatesthetechnicalcharacteristicsofnon-shipborne,fixedstationAISequipment,includedinrecommendationITU-RM.1371andIALARecommendationA-124.Whereapplicable,italsotakesintoaccounttheITURadioRegulations.ThisstandardtakesintoaccountotherassociatedIECinternationalstandardsandexistingnationalstandards,asapplicable.ThisstandardisapplicableforAISBaseStations.ItdoesnotincludespecificationsforthedisplayofAISdataonshore.
【中国标准分类号】:U60
【国际标准分类号】:47_020_70
【页数】:98P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语